The inertia generated by the long life of energy infrastructures (more than a century for buildings, around half a century for thermoelectric power plants) is at the origin of long forecasts, often in the form of scenarios. But how can we look far ahead if we do not know anything about the long developments of the past. Historical knowledge, both national and global, helps to better understand the possible speed of desired future changes.
The issue of the climate change (sometimes also called “climate disorder”) has taken on unprecedented importance in the international political and public debate over the last three decades, since the agreement of the Rio Conference on Development and the Environment in June 1992, during which the United Nations Framework Convention
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The definition of representative data on world energy consumption (Read: World Energy Consumption 1800-2000: Definitions and Measurements) is one thing, the identification of sources of information allowing the reconstruction of statistical series over a long period for all regions of the world is another. What data are available? Some time
MARTIN-AMOUROUX Jean-Marie- Niveau de lecture
The 889 million inhabitants (Mh) populating the planet in 1800 took from their natural environment a little over 300 million tons of oil equivalent (Mtoe), or 0.34 toe per capita. Two centuries later, this withdrawal by a world population that has crossed the threshold of 6 billion (Gh) has risen
- MARTIN-AMOUROUX Jean-Marie
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At the end of the Fifth Plan (1974-79), the Indian economy completed three decades of growth at an average annual rate of around 5%, which, after the downturn at the end of the 1960s and the impact of the oil shocks of the 1970s, was less and less able to
- MARTIN-AMOUROUX Jean-Marie
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In 1947, the year of its political independence, the Indian Union, separated from Pakistan, had a population of approximately 340 million inhabitants with a Gross Domestic Product (GDP) estimated at 600 dollars per capita, a third of that of Japan, but 50% more than that of China[1]. About 60% of
- MARTIN-AMOUROUX Jean-Marie
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The definitions of energy consumption adopted (See: World Energy Consumption 1800-2000: Definitions and Measurements) and the sources of information inventoried (See: World Energy Consumption 1800-2000: Sources of Information) make it possible to construct chronicles of the past two centuries during which the average annual growth of the world population (1.0%)
- MARTIN-AMOUROUX Jean-Marie
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The Indian coal industry is largely ignored in many writings on the economy and even on energy in this country[1]. Yet it was the first, and for a long time the only, energy industry in a country condemned to using traditional energy sources: firewood, dried animal dung and animal muscle
- MARTIN-AMOUROUX Jean-Marie
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